What is the difference between occupational therapy and athletic training?

Answered by Stephen Mosley

Occupational therapy and athletic training are two distinct professions that focus on different aspects of healthcare and rehabilitation. While both fields involve working with individuals to improve their physical abilities and overall well-being, they have unique approaches and settings in which they are practiced.

1. Scope of Practice:
Occupational therapy (OT) primarily focuses on helping individuals regain or develop skills needed for daily living and work. OTs assess and treat people with physical, cognitive, or mental health conditions to enhance their independence and participation in meaningful activities. They often work with clients who have experienced injuries, disabilities, or illnesses that affect their ability to perform daily tasks.

Athletic training, on the other hand, primarily deals with the prevention, assessment, and treatment of injuries related to physical activity and sports. Athletic trainers (ATs) are responsible for the immediate care of athletes, including injury prevention, emergency management, and rehabilitation. They work closely with coaches and healthcare professionals to ensure the overall well-being and performance of athletes.

2. Settings:
OTs typically work in a variety of settings, including hospitals, rehabilitation centers, schools, mental health facilities, and private practice. They may work with individuals of all ages, from children to older adults, and address a wide range of conditions affecting physical, cognitive, and psychosocial functioning. OTs collaborate with other healthcare professionals to provide comprehensive care and support to their clients.

Athletic trainers usually work in schools, colleges, and professional sports settings. They provide on-field and off-field care for athletes, including injury prevention, evaluation, immediate treatment, and rehabilitation. ATs often work closely with coaches, physicians, and physical therapists to ensure athletes are safe, fit, and prepared for their sports activities.

3. Education and Certification:
To become an occupational therapist, individuals must complete a bachelor’s degree in a related field, followed by a master’s or doctoral degree in occupational therapy. They also need to pass a national certification exam to become a registered occupational therapist (OTR). Some states may have additional licensing requirements.

To become an athletic trainer, individuals typically need to earn a bachelor’s degree in athletic training from an accredited program. They must also pass a national certification exam administered by the Board of Certification (BOC) to become a certified athletic trainer (ATC). Additionally, some states may require additional licensing or registration.

4. Treatment Approaches:
Occupational therapy focuses on individualized treatment plans that address the specific needs and goals of clients. OTs use a holistic approach, considering physical, cognitive, emotional, and environmental factors that may impact a person’s functioning. They may use a variety of interventions, including therapeutic exercises, adaptive equipment, assistive technology, and cognitive retraining, to help individuals achieve their maximum potential.

Athletic trainers primarily focus on injury prevention, immediate care, and rehabilitation of athletes. They employ various techniques, such as taping, bracing, therapeutic modalities, and exercise programs, to manage and treat sports-related injuries. ATs also provide education on injury prevention, nutrition, and overall wellness to athletes and coaches.

While occupational therapy and athletic training both involve working with individuals to improve their physical abilities and well-being, they have different scopes of practice, settings, educational requirements, and treatment approaches. OTs focus on enhancing daily living skills and overall function, while ATs specialize in sports injury prevention, assessment, and management.