The names of polygons from 1 to 12 are as follows:
1. Monogon: A monogon is a polygon with only one side. This is essentially a line segment and is not commonly studied in geometry.
2. Digon: A digon is a polygon with two sides. It is also known as a biangle. The digon is a simple closed curve formed by connecting two line segments.
3. Triangle: A triangle is a polygon with three sides. It is one of the most basic and commonly studied polygons in geometry. Triangles can be classified into different types based on the lengths of their sides and the measures of their angles.
4. Quadrilateral: A quadrilateral is a polygon with four sides. It is a versatile polygon that includes shapes like squares, rectangles, parallelograms, trapezoids, and rhombuses. Each type of quadrilateral has its own unique properties.
5. Pentagon: A pentagon is a polygon with five sides. The word “pentagon” is derived from the Greek words “penta” meaning five and “gonia” meaning angle. Regular pentagons have equal side lengths and equal interior angles.
6. Hexagon: A hexagon is a polygon with six sides. The word “hexagon” is derived from the Greek words “hexa” meaning six and “gonia” meaning angle. Regular hexagons have equal side lengths and equal interior angles.
7. Heptagon: A heptagon is a polygon with seven sides. The word “heptagon” is derived from the Latin word “septem” meaning seven. Regular heptagons have equal side lengths and equal interior angles.
8. Octagon: An octagon is a polygon with eight sides. The word “octagon” is derived from the Latin word “octo” meaning eight. Regular octagons have equal side lengths and equal interior angles.
9. Nonagon: A nonagon is a polygon with nine sides. The word “nonagon” is derived from the Latin word “nonus” meaning nine. Regular nonagons have equal side lengths and equal interior angles.
10. Decagon: A decagon is a polygon with ten sides. The word “decagon” is derived from the Greek word “deka” meaning ten. Regular decagons have equal side lengths and equal interior angles.
11. Hendecagon: A hendecagon is a polygon with eleven sides. The word “hendecagon” is derived from the Greek words “hendeka” meaning eleven and “gonia” meaning angle. Regular hendecagons have equal side lengths and equal interior angles.
12. Dodecagon: A dodecagon is a polygon with twelve sides. The word “dodecagon” is derived from the Greek words “dodeka” meaning twelve and “gonia” meaning angle. Regular dodecagons have equal side lengths and equal interior angles.
These are the names of the polygons from 1 to 12. Each polygon has its own unique characteristics and properties that make them interesting to study in geometry.