Degenerative disc disease is a condition that affects the spine and can lead to various complications if left untreated. It is important to understand these potential complications in order to seek prompt medical evaluation and treatment.
1. Bone Spurs: One complication of degenerative disc disease is the development of bone spurs, also known as osteophytes. These are bony projections that can form along the edges of the affected discs. Bone spurs can cause pain and discomfort, as they can impinge on nerves or other structures in the spine.
2. Spinal Canal Compression: As degenerative disc disease progresses, the discs can become thinner and lose their ability to provide cushioning and support to the spine. This can lead to the narrowing of the spinal canal, a condition known as spinal canal stenosis. Spinal canal compression can put pressure on the spinal cord and nerves, leading to symptoms such as pain, numbness, tingling, and weakness in the affected areas.
3. Pain: Pain is a common complication of degenerative disc disease. The degeneration of the discs can cause inflammation and irritation in the surrounding structures, leading to chronic pain in the back, neck, or other affected areas. The pain may be intermittent or persistent and can range from mild to severe.
4. Herniated Discs: Another complication of degenerative disc disease is the development of herniated discs. When a disc degenerates, the outer layer (annulus fibrosus) can weaken and tear, allowing the inner gel-like substance (nucleus pulposus) to leak out. This can result in a herniated disc, which can compress nearby nerves and cause pain, tingling, numbness, and muscle weakness in the affected area.
5. Bladder Problems: In some cases, degenerative disc disease can lead to bladder problems. The nerves that control bladder function can be affected by the compression or irritation caused by degenerated discs or bone spurs. This can result in difficulties with urinary control, such as urinary incontinence or difficulty emptying the bladder completely.
It is important to note that not all individuals with degenerative disc disease will experience these complications. The severity and progression of the disease can vary from person to person. However, it is crucial to seek medical evaluation and treatment if you experience any symptoms or complications related to degenerative disc disease. Early intervention can help to manage symptoms, prevent further complications, and improve overall quality of life.