Here’s a detailed answer on how to calculate the number of atoms:
To calculate the number of atoms, the first step is to determine the number of moles of the element or compound in question. If the mass of the substance is given, you can divide it by the molar mass of the element or compound to find the number of moles.
Let’s say we have a sample of carbon with a mass of 12 grams. The molar mass of carbon is approximately 12 grams per mole. So, to find the number of moles of carbon in the sample, we divide the mass by the molar mass:
Number of moles = Mass / Molar mass
= 12 grams / 12 grams per mole
= 1 mole
Now that we have the number of moles, we can use Avogadro’s number (6.023 × 10^23) to calculate the number of atoms. Avogadro’s number represents the number of atoms or molecules in one mole of a substance.
Number of atoms = Number of moles × Avogadro’s number
= 1 mole × 6.023 × 10^23 atoms per mole
= 6.023 × 10^23 atoms
So, in this example, the sample of carbon with a mass of 12 grams contains approximately 6.023 × 10^23 carbon atoms.
It’s important to note that this calculation assumes we are dealing with a pure substance and not a mixture. If you’re working with a compound, you’ll need to consider the molar mass of the entire compound rather than just the individual elements.
In summary, to calculate the number of atoms, you need to determine the number of moles of the substance and then multiply it by Avogadro’s number. This calculation allows you to convert from mass to the number of atoms present in a sample.