Bilbo Baggins is called a halfling because he is a Hobbit, and the term “halfling” was used by Men to describe Hobbits due to their small stature. Hobbits are a unique race of beings in J.R.R. Tolkien’s Middle-earth, known for their love of peace, comfort, and a simple life. They are typically about half the height of Men, hence the name “halfling.”
The term “halfling” was first given to the Hobbits by the Dúnedain, the tall descendants of the ancient Númenóreans. The Dúnedain, who were much taller than Hobbits, saw them as being only half their height, thus coining the term. It is important to note that the Dúnedain were a noble and respected race, and their perspective on the Hobbits’ height was not meant to be derogatory.
The Dúnedain encountered the Harfoots, one of the three main Hobbit groups, in Arnor around T.A. 1050. The Harfoots were the most numerous and were known for their agility and love of the hills. The Dúnedain, impressed by their smaller stature and nimbleness, referred to them as halflings.
Later on, the term was also applied to the other two Hobbit groups, the Fallohides and the Stoors. The Fallohides were taller and fairer than the Harfoots, while the Stoors were broader and had a greater affinity for water. Both groups eventually mingled with the Harfoots, and the term “halfling” became a general term for all Hobbits.
In the case of Bilbo Baggins, he belonged to the group of Hobbits known as the Shire-hobbits, which included the Harfoots, Fallohides, and Stoors. Bilbo’s adventures in “The Hobbit” and his role in the quest for the Lonely Mountain brought him into contact with other races, particularly Men, who referred to him as a halfling due to his small stature compared to their own.
The term “halfling” is not meant to be derogatory or demeaning. It simply highlights the physical difference between Hobbits and Men. In fact, Bilbo’s journey and his actions prove that his size does not limit his courage, resourcefulness, and ability to make a difference in the world.
To summarize, Bilbo Baggins is called a halfling because he is a Hobbit, and Hobbits were given that name by Men due to their smaller stature compared to the tall Dúnedain. The term “halfling” is not meant to be negative but rather describes the physical difference between Hobbits and Men. Bilbo’s adventures and his role in Middle-earth show that being a halfling does not diminish his character or abilities.