A hygroma in dogs is a fluid-filled swelling that forms underneath the skin, typically over a bony prominence. It appears as a bubble-like structure, sometimes reaching up to 2 inches in size. The appearance may vary depending on the stage of development and the severity of the condition.
When a hygroma first develops, it may present as a soft, fluctuant swelling that is often painless to the touch. The skin overlying the hygroma is usually intact and may appear normal, although occasionally it can become stretched and thin. As the condition progresses, the hygroma may become more prominent and firm to the touch.
In terms of color, hygromas tend to match the surrounding skin tone. If the skin over the hygroma becomes irritated or damaged due to excessive licking or trauma, it may appear reddened or even ulcerated. However, this is not a characteristic feature of all hygromas and depends on individual circumstances.
It’s worth noting that hygromas typically develop in areas where a dog’s body weight rests against a hard surface, such as the elbows, hocks (ankles), or hips. These bony prominences create pressure points, and repeated minor trauma to these areas can lead to the formation of a hygroma.
While hygromas are generally painless, they can cause discomfort if they become infected or inflamed. In some cases, dogs may show signs of lameness or reluctance to lie down on the affected area. If left untreated, hygromas can grow larger and may even rupture, leading to the formation of open sores that are prone to infection.
In my experience as a veterinarian, I have seen many cases of hygromas in dogs, particularly in large and giant breeds. These dogs often have a higher risk due to their heavier body weight and tendency to lie on hard surfaces. Prompt intervention and appropriate management are crucial to prevent complications and promote healing.
Hygromas in dogs are easily recognizable as bubble-like swellings beneath the skin. If you notice such a swelling on your dog’s elbows, hocks, or hips, it is essential to consult with a veterinarian for an accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment.