As a Sunni Muslim, there are specific steps and guidelines to follow when performing salah (prayer). Here is a detailed explanation of how to pray in Islam as a Sunni:
Step 1: Make your intention to pray (Niyyah)
Before starting your prayer, it is important to make a sincere intention in your heart. This intention should be for the specific prayer you are about to perform, such as the obligatory (Fardh) prayer or a voluntary (Sunnah) prayer. The intention does not need to be verbalized but should be sincerely made in your heart.
Step 2: Raise your hands to your ears and say ‘Allahu Akbar’ (Takbiratul Ihram)
After making your intention, raise your hands up to the level of your ears and say ‘Allahu Akbar’ (Allah is the Greatest). This is known as the Takbiratul Ihram and signifies the beginning of your prayer. Keep your hands folded below your navel after this gesture.
Step 3: Lower your hands and place them over your naval
After saying the Takbiratul Ihram, lower your hands and place them over your naval. This is the standard position for men during prayer. Women, on the other hand, should place their hands on their chest.
Step 4: Keep your eyes focused on the ground in front of you
During the prayer, it is recommended to keep your eyes focused on the ground in front of you. This helps to maintain concentration and avoid distractions.
Step 5: Recite the opening chapter of the Qur’an (Al-Fatiha)
Begin the recitation of the Qur’an by reciting Surah Al-Fatiha (the Opening Chapter). This chapter is recited in every unit (Rak’ah) of the prayer. Take your time to recite it with proper pronunciation and understanding.
Step 6: Bow down (Ruk’u)
After completing the recitation of Surah Al-Fatiha, bow down into the position of Ruk’u. Place your hands on your knees and keep your back straight. While in this position, recite the phrase “Subhana Rabbiyal Adheem” (Glory be to my Lord, the Most High) at least three times.
Step 7: Stand up straight after Ruk’u
After completing the Ruk’u, stand up straight while saying “Sami Allahu liman hamidah” (Allah hears those who praise Him). Then, reply with “Rabbana wa lakal hamd” (Our Lord, praise be to You).
Step 8: Prostrate (Sajdah)
From the standing position, go into the prostration position (Sajdah). Place your forehead, nose, hands, knees, and toes on the ground. While in Sajdah, recite the phrase “Subhana Rabbiyal A’la” (Glory be to my Lord, the Most High) at least three times.
Step 9: Sit between the two prostrations
After completing the first Sajdah, sit briefly on your left foot, keeping your right foot upright. Place your hands on your thighs and say “Allahu Akbar” before going into the second prostration.
Step 10: Repeat the prostration (Sajdah)
Perform the second prostration in the same manner as the first one, reciting “Subhana Rabbiyal A’la” at least three times.
Step 11: Stand up for the second unit (Rak’ah)
After completing the two prostrations, stand up for the second unit (Rak’ah) of the prayer. Repeat the steps of reciting Surah Al-Fatiha, performing Ruk’u, Sajdah, and sitting between the prostrations.
Step 12: Complete the prayer with Tashahhud and Salam
After completing the required units (Rak’ahs) of the prayer, sit for the final Tashahhud. This includes reciting the Tashahhud (a supplication praising Allah and sending blessings upon the Prophet Muhammad). The prayer is concluded by turning your head to the right and saying “Assalamu alaikum wa rahmatullah” (Peace be upon you and the mercy of Allah). Then, turn your head to the left and repeat the same greeting.
Remember, these steps are a simplified guide to performing the prayer. It is recommended to seek proper guidance from a knowledgeable teacher or imam to learn the correct pronunciation, postures, and supplications in more detail.