Hemianopia is a type of visual field loss that can occur after a stroke. There are two main types of strokes that can cause hemianopia: ischemic stroke and hemorrhagic stroke.
Ischemic stroke is the most common type of stroke, accounting for about 87% of all stroke cases. It occurs when there is a blockage or clot in one of the blood vessels supplying the brain. This blockage leads to a lack of blood flow and oxygen to a specific area of the brain, resulting in damage to the brain tissue. When the area of the brain responsible for processing visual information is affected, it can lead to hemianopia.
Hemorrhagic stroke, on the other hand, occurs when a blood vessel in the brain ruptures and causes bleeding. This bleeding can put pressure on the surrounding brain tissue and damage it. Hemorrhagic stroke is less common than ischemic stroke, accounting for about 13% of all stroke cases. However, it can also result in hemianopia if the area of the brain responsible for vision is affected.
It is important to note that while stroke is the most common cause of hemianopia in adults, it can also occur in children. In fact, about 25% of hemianopia cases in children are caused by stroke. The causes of stroke in children may differ from those in adults and can include conditions such as sickle cell disease, arteriovenous malformations, and infections. Regardless of the cause, the result is still the same – damage to the brain that affects the processing of visual information.
Personal Note:
I have had the opportunity to work with stroke patients who have experienced hemianopia. It is a challenging condition for them to cope with, as it affects their ability to see objects on one side of their visual field. I have witnessed the frustration and difficulties they face in daily activities such as reading, driving, and even walking. However, with the help of visual rehabilitation therapy and adaptive strategies, many patients are able to regain some level of function and independence. It is important to provide support and resources for individuals with hemianopia, as it can significantly impact their quality of life.