The amount of pressure that a human can survive depends on various factors, including the duration of exposure and the individual’s physical condition. The primary concern when it comes to pressure is the effect it has on the body’s internal organs, particularly the lungs and circulatory system.
In terms of pressure units, pounds per square inch (psi) is commonly used to measure pressure. The average atmospheric pressure at sea level is around 14.7 psi, which is equivalent to one atmosphere (atm) of pressure. This is the pressure that our bodies are accustomed to and can easily tolerate.
As pressure increases, the body experiences various physiological effects. At around 2 to 3 atmospheres (29.4 to 44.1 psi), divers may start to experience nitrogen narcosis, also known as “raptures of the deep.” This can lead to confusion, impaired judgment, and a feeling of euphoria, similar to alcohol intoxication.
As pressure continues to increase, the risk of decompression sickness (commonly known as “the bends”) becomes a concern. This occurs when nitrogen dissolved in body tissues forms bubbles as pressure decreases too quickly during ascent. The bends can be extremely painful and, in severe cases, life-threatening.
The world record for the deepest dive by a human is currently around 600 meters (1,968 feet), achieved by Ahmed Gabr in 2014. At this depth, the pressure is approximately 60 times atmospheric pressure, or 876 psi. To withstand such extreme pressure, Gabr utilized a specialized diving suit and breathing gas mixture, as well as carefully planned decompression stops during the ascent.
However, it’s important to note that this record-breaking dive was an exceptional case with extensive preparations and precautions. In general, humans cannot survive at such high pressures without the aid of specialized equipment and procedures.
When it comes to the limits of human survival under pressure, there is no definitive answer. Different individuals may have varying tolerances, and it also depends on the rate at which pressure changes occur. Rapid changes in pressure, such as in explosive decompression incidents, can be particularly dangerous and potentially fatal.
While humans can withstand pressures higher than atmospheric pressure, the exact limit of survivability depends on various factors. The highest pressures humans have been known to survive are in the range of hundreds of atmospheres, but these instances are rare and require specialized equipment and procedures. It is crucial to prioritize safety and adhere to established diving protocols to ensure the well-being of individuals in high-pressure environments.