Clinical symptoms of onion and garlic poisoning in pets typically develop within 24 hours, but it is important to note that they can be delayed for up to 7 days after the food has been ingested. This means that even if your dog consumes garlic, they may not show any immediate signs of illness.
The reason for the delayed onset of symptoms is because onions and garlic contain compounds called thiosulphates, which can cause damage to red blood cells in dogs and cats. These compounds can build up in the bloodstream over time, leading to anemia.
Anemia is a condition characterized by a decrease in the number of red blood cells or a decrease in the amount of hemoglobin in the blood. In pets, it can result in weakness, lethargy, pale gums, and difficulty breathing. Other symptoms of onion and garlic poisoning may include vomiting, diarrhea, loss of appetite, and abdominal pain.
It is important to note that the severity of symptoms can vary depending on the amount of garlic consumed and the size of the animal. Larger dogs may be able to tolerate small amounts of garlic without showing any significant signs of illness, while smaller dogs and cats are much more sensitive to the toxic effects.
In my personal experience as a veterinarian, I have seen cases where pets have ingested garlic accidentally or have been fed food containing garlic as an ingredient. In these cases, the owners often noticed that their pets seemed unwell within a day or two of consuming the garlic. The symptoms ranged from mild gastrointestinal upset to more severe cases of anemia requiring veterinary intervention.
If you suspect that your pet has ingested garlic or any other toxic food, it is important to seek veterinary care as soon as possible. The veterinarian will perform a thorough physical examination and may recommend blood tests to assess your pet’s red blood cell count and overall health. Treatment may include inducing vomiting, administering activated charcoal to bind the toxins, and providing supportive care to manage symptoms and promote recovery.
To prevent onion and garlic poisoning in pets, it is crucial to keep these foods out of their reach. It is also important to educate family members and visitors about the potential dangers of feeding pets foods that contain onions or garlic, as some people may not be aware of the risks.
If you suspect that your pet has ingested garlic, it is best to err on the side of caution and seek veterinary advice. Prompt intervention can greatly improve the chances of a successful outcome and minimize the potential complications associated with onion and garlic poisoning.