Identifying the difference between a water snake and a copperhead can be a crucial skill, especially when it comes to distinguishing a harmless snake from a potentially venomous one. While there are several methods to identify these snakes, one of the easiest ways is by examining their patterns.
1. Pattern: The pattern on a snake’s body can give valuable clues about its species. Northern water snakes typically have a distinctive pattern that resembles a bulb or an hourglass shape. The pattern widens in the center and then narrows towards the edges, creating a unique look. On the other hand, copperheads have an hourglass-like pattern that is wider in the center and narrower towards the edges.
2. Coloration: Although not as reliable as the pattern, the coloration of the snake can also provide some hints. Northern water snakes usually have a range of colors, including brown, gray, or reddish-brown, with darker bands or blotches. Copperheads, on the other hand, have a distinct coppery or reddish-brown color, often accompanied by darker hourglass-shaped crossbands.
3. Head Shape: Looking at the head shape can sometimes help in distinguishing between these two species. Water snakes typically have a broader and more rounded head, while copperheads have a triangular-shaped head, similar to many venomous snakes. However, it’s important to note that head shape alone is not a foolproof method for identification.
4. Behavior: Observing the behavior of the snake can also offer some clues. Water snakes are generally non-aggressive and tend to flee when approached, often seeking refuge in water bodies. Copperheads, on the other hand, may exhibit more defensive behavior, such as freezing or adopting a strike pose when they feel threatened.
5. Habitat: Understanding the habitat preferences of these snakes can aid in identification. Northern water snakes are commonly found near bodies of water, such as lakes, rivers, and ponds. They are excellent swimmers and may be seen basking on rocks or logs near the water. Copperheads, on the other hand, are often found in a variety of habitats, including forests, rocky areas, and even suburban areas.
It’s important to remember that correctly identifying snakes can be challenging, and it’s always best to err on the side of caution. If you are unsure about the snake you have encountered, it’s recommended to keep a safe distance and seek assistance from a local wildlife expert or herpetologist. Avoid handling or approaching snakes unless you have the necessary knowledge and expertise.