The fingerprint database used by the FBI is called the Integrated Automated Fingerprint Identification System, commonly known as IAFIS. It is a crucial component of the FBI’s larger system of records called the Fingerprint Identification Records System (FIRS). The FIRS is governed by the Privacy Act and was officially established by the FBI in accordance with the regulations set forth in the Federal Register.
IAFIS serves as a comprehensive repository for fingerprint records and related biometric information. It is a highly advanced and sophisticated system designed to assist law enforcement agencies in the identification and apprehension of criminals. The primary purpose of IAFIS is to provide rapid and accurate identification of individuals based on their fingerprints.
IAFIS contains a vast collection of fingerprint images, which are obtained from a variety of sources, including criminal arrests, background checks, and immigration processes. These fingerprint records are submitted to the FBI by federal, state, local, and international law enforcement agencies, as well as various other authorized entities.
The database stores both demographic information, such as name, date of birth, and address, as well as the actual fingerprint images. This allows for efficient searching and comparison of fingerprints to identify potential matches. IAFIS utilizes advanced algorithms and pattern recognition technology to quickly match and compare fingerprints against the millions of records stored in its database.
One key feature of IAFIS is its ability to perform latent fingerprint searches. Latent fingerprints are those that are left unintentionally at a crime scene and are often crucial in identifying suspects. Law enforcement agencies can submit latent prints to IAFIS, which then compares them against the existing database to find potential matches. This can greatly assist in solving crimes and linking suspects to multiple offenses.
IAFIS also provides additional functionality beyond fingerprint identification. It includes a system for storing and searching palm prints, as well as a facial recognition component known as the Next Generation Identification (NGI) system. NGI allows for the searching and comparison of facial images to assist in identifying individuals.
The FBI uses the Integrated Automated Fingerprint Identification System (IAFIS) as its primary fingerprint database. IAFIS is a part of the larger Fingerprint Identification Records System (FIRS) and serves as a comprehensive repository of fingerprint records and related biometric information. It plays a crucial role in assisting law enforcement agencies in identifying and apprehending criminals based on their fingerprints.