What causes steering rack failure?

Answered by Michael Wilson

There are two primary causes of steering rack failure: fluid contamination and steering pump wear. Let’s delve into each of these causes in more detail.

1. Fluid Contamination:
Fluid contamination is one of the most common causes of steering rack failure. The power steering system relies on hydraulic fluid to lubricate and assist with the movement of the steering components. However, if the fluid becomes contaminated, it can lead to serious issues.

A) Dirt and Debris: Over time, dirt, debris, and other contaminants can find their way into the power steering system. This can happen through a variety of ways, such as a damaged or worn-out seal, a leak in the system, or even through the fluid reservoir cap. When these contaminants enter the system, they can cause damage to the sensitive internal components of the steering rack, leading to failure.

B) Moisture and Water: Another common form of fluid contamination is moisture or water entering the power steering system. This can occur when there is a leak in one of the system’s seals or if the fluid reservoir is not properly sealed. Moisture can cause corrosion and rust within the steering rack, leading to its failure.

2. Steering Pump Wear:
The second major cause of steering rack failure is wear and tear on the steering pump. The steering pump is responsible for pressurizing the hydraulic fluid and supplying it to the steering rack. Over time, the constant movement and pressure placed on the steering pump can cause it to wear out.

A) Lack of Maintenance: Regular maintenance and fluid changes are crucial to ensuring the longevity of the steering pump. If the fluid is not changed at the recommended intervals, it can become contaminated and cause excessive wear on the pump. Additionally, if the power steering fluid level is not properly maintained, it can put extra strain on the pump, leading to premature failure.

B) Overheating: Operating the vehicle at high temperatures or under heavy loads can cause the power steering system to overheat. This can lead to accelerated wear on the steering pump, as well as other components such as the seals and hoses. Over time, this can cause the pump to fail and potentially damage the steering rack.

Steering rack failure is primarily caused by fluid contamination and steering pump wear. Regular maintenance, such as fluid changes and proper fluid level management, can help prevent these issues. Additionally, addressing any leaks or damaged seals promptly can help avoid fluid contamination and extend the lifespan of the steering rack.