When it comes to brewing beer, there are two main types of yeast that are commonly used: ale yeast and lager yeast. These two types of yeast are also known as top-fermenting and bottom-fermenting yeasts, respectively.
Ale yeast, or top-fermenting yeast, is typically used in the production of ales and other types of beers that are fermented at warmer temperatures. This type of yeast ferments at the top of the fermentation vessel and is known for its ability to produce a wide range of flavors and aromas. Ale yeast tends to impart fruity, estery flavors and can give beer a rich and complex character. It is often used in the production of styles such as IPAs, stouts, and porters.
Lager yeast, on the other hand, is a bottom-fermenting yeast that is used in the production of lagers and other beers that are fermented at cooler temperatures. Lager yeast ferments at the bottom of the fermentation vessel and is known for its ability to produce clean, crisp, and smooth flavors. Unlike ale yeast, lager yeast does not produce as many esters and tends to produce fewer fruity flavors. This type of yeast is often used in the production of styles such as pilsners, bocks, and Märzens.
Both ale and lager yeast play a crucial role in the fermentation process of beer, and the choice of yeast can greatly impact the final flavor and character of the beer. Brewers often select their yeast based on the style of beer they are aiming to produce and the desired flavor profile. Some brewers even experiment with different yeast strains to create unique and innovative beer styles.
In my personal experience as a homebrewer, I have used both ale and lager yeast in my brewing adventures. I have found that ale yeast can add a lot of complexity and depth to a beer, while lager yeast can produce a clean and refreshing taste. It’s fascinating to see how the choice of yeast can completely transform the flavor of a beer.
To summarize, the two most common types of yeast used in brewing beer are ale yeast and lager yeast. Ale yeast, or top-fermenting yeast, imparts fruity and estery flavors, while lager yeast, or bottom-fermenting yeast, produces clean and crisp flavors. The choice of yeast is an important decision for brewers, as it greatly influences the final taste and character of the beer.